OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Yanghe Pingchuan granules on asthmatic rats and its influence on Th17/Treg balance. STUDY DESIGN: SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, low, medium, and high dose Chinese medicine groups, and positive medicine group, with 6 rats in each group (total of 36 rats). Except for the normal group, allergic asthma was induced in the other groups to establish a bronchial asthma model. Then Yanghe Pingchuan granules were administered via gavage with low, medium, and high concentrations; the positive drug group was given dexamethasone; and the normal and model groups were given isometric normal saline for 4 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the airway of the model group had obvious pathological changes, accompanied by more inflammatory cell infiltration. The counts of inflammatory cells in the BALF of the model group were significantly increased. The content of Th17 cells in the spleen was significantly increased, while the content of Treg cells was significantly reduced, and the Th17/Treg ratio was also significantly increased. The serum IL-17 in the model group and the level of RORγt protein and gene in lung tissue was significantly increased, and the level of serum IL-10, Foxp3 protein and gene in lung tissue was significantly decreased. Compared with the model group, the airway pathological damage of the traditional Chinese medicine group and the positive drug group was improved, and the inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced. The difference in Eos and Lym counts in the BALF between the high-medium dose group and the positive drug group was statistically significant, and the traditional Chinese medicine was high. The difference in Neu counts in BALF between the dose group and the positive drug group was statistically significant. The content of Th17 cells in the spleen was significantly reduced, while the content of Treg cells was significantly increased and Th17/Treg also significantly decreased. Serum IL-17 and lung tissue RORγt protein levels were significantly decreased in the Chinese medicine and positive drug groups, and serum IL-10, lung tissue Foxp3 protein and gene levels were significantly increased. The level of RORγt gene in lung tissue of the high and medium dose group and positive drug group was significantly reduced, and the level of RORγt gene in lung tissue of the low dose group of Chinese medicine was reduced. CONCLUSION: Yanghe Pingchuan granules can im-prove the symptoms of asthmatic rats by regulating the immune balance of Th17/Treg cells. © 2021 Science Printers and Publishers Inc.. All rights reserved.